Glaucoma

Overview

10%

Approximately 10% of people with glaucoma experience vision loss despite treatment (American Academy of Ophthalmology, 2023).

3M

Over 3 million Americans have glaucoma, but only half are aware they have it (CDC, 2023).

2×

The risk of developing glaucoma is about twice as high for African Americans compared to Caucasians (NIH, 2023).

In plain language

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that can lead to vision loss and blindness by damaging the optic nerve. It is more common in older adults, particularly those over 65. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent significant vision impairment.

Glaucoma is a condition that occurs when the optic nerve, which connects the eye to the brain, becomes damaged. This damage is often due to increased pressure in the eye, known as intraocular pressure. Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness for people over the age of 60, and it tends to be more common in seniors. According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, around 10% of people with glaucoma experience loss of vision despite treatment. The exact cause of glaucoma is not always clear, but it is essential to treat it early to slow the progression of the disease and prevent severe vision loss. Regular eye exams are vital for early detection and management, especially for those with risk factors.

Key Information

Review the most relevant symptoms, risk factors, and common care approaches in one place.

Risk Factors

Several factors can increase the risk of developing this condition, including:

Age: Individuals over 60 are at higher risk.
Family history: Having relatives with glaucoma increases risk.
Medical conditions: Diabetes and high blood pressure contribute to risk.
Race: African Americans and Hispanics are at higher risk.

Symptoms

Symptoms can vary but often include:

Blurred vision: Vision may become unclear or distorted.
Loss of peripheral vision: Difficulty seeing objects to the side.
Halos around lights: Seeing rainbow-colored circles around lights.
Eye pain: Discomfort or aching in the eyes.

Coping Strategies

Treatments That May Help

Start with the options that have more supporting research and then review the details with your care team.

Treatment Option

Supplements

Supplements help fill nutritional gaps and support healthy aging. For seniors, vitamins, minerals, and omega-3s can enhance bone strength, heart health, energy, and immune function when used safely under professional guidance.

18 studies

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Treatment Option

Fitness

Fitness plays a vital role in helping older adults maintain mobility, strength, and energy. Regular physical activity improves mood, supports heart health, and preserves independence — helping seniors stay active and engaged in life.

8 studies

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Treatment Option

Vitamins

Vitamins are essential nutrients that help maintain energy, immunity, and overall vitality. For seniors, daily vitamin support can fill nutritional gaps, strengthen bones, and protect heart and brain health when used safely under professional guidance.

6 studies

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Treatment Option

Stem Cell Injections

Stem cell injections use the body's own cells to help repair damaged tissues, offering potential relief for seniors suffering from joint pain and arthritis. This treatment is particularly beneficial for those seeking alternatives to surgery and long-term medication. It is minimally invasive and focuses on enhancing the body's natural healing abilities.

4 studies

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Treatment Option

Stem Cell Patches

Stem cell patches are an innovative treatment designed to promote healing and regeneration in damaged tissues. They are particularly beneficial for seniors dealing with chronic pain or degenerative conditions. By utilizing the body's natural repair mechanisms, these patches offer a promising option for enhancing mobility and quality of life.

1 study

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Treatment Option

Calcium citrate

Calcium citrate is a bioavailable form of calcium that supports bone density, muscle function, and cardiovascular health. It’s especially useful for older adults with lower stomach acid or those taking acid-reducing medications.

1 study

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Research on This Condition

Browse the evidence base by quality score or recency to understand what is strongest today.

Research Study

Exercise Boosts Brain Health and Memory in Seniors

Well Supported

Aerobic exercise can help improve memory by increasing brain size.

4/8/2026

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Research Study

Frailty in older adults: A systematic review of risk factors and early intervention pathways

Well Supported

This review analyzed 50 global studies and found that frailty arises from multiple interconnected factors, including age, chronic illness, and soci...

12/15/2025

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Research Study