Osteoporosis

Overview

10M

Americans with osteoporosis — another 44 million have low bone density

80%

Older Americans who suffer bone breaks but are not tested or treated for osteoporosis

24%

Hip fracture patients age 50 and over die in the year following the fracture

In plain language

Osteoporosis, often referred to as the "silent disease," is a condition characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density, leading to weakened bones and an increased risk of fractures. As bones become more fragile, even minor falls or bumps can cause serious injuries. While osteoporosis can affect people of all ages, it is particularly common among postmenopausal women and older adults.

Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become weak and brittle, making them more susceptible to fractures and breaks. It occurs when the body loses too much bone, makes too little bone, or both. As a result, bones become porous and fragile.

The condition often progresses without symptoms until a fracture occurs, typically in the hip, spine, or wrist. Osteoporosis is most common in postmenopausal women, but it can also affect men and younger individuals, especially those with certain risk factors.

Maintaining strong bones through diet, exercise, and bone-health monitoring is essential to reducing the risk of osteoporosis-related fractures.

Key Information

Review the most relevant symptoms, risk factors, and common care approaches in one place.

Risk Factors

Several factors can increase the risk of osteoporosis, including:

Age: The risk of osteoporosis increases with age, particularly after menopause in women.
Gender: Women are more likely to develop osteoporosis than men, especially after menopause.
Hormonal factors: Low levels of estrogen in women and testosterone in men can contribute to bone loss.
Family history: A family history of osteoporosis can increase your risk.
Lifestyle factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor nutrition can weaken bones.
Certain medical conditions: Conditions such as hyperthyroidism and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of osteoporosis.
Medications: Certain medications, such as corticosteroids, can weaken bones.

Symptoms

Osteoporosis often has no symptoms in the early stages. However, as the disease progresses, it can lead to: Bone fractures: Fractures, particularly in the hip, spine, and wrist. Loss of height: Over time, vertebral fractures can cause a loss of height. Postural changes: Slouching or a curved spine. Back pain: Pain caused by spinal fractures.

Coping Strategies

Treatments That May Help

Start with the options that have more supporting research and then review the details with your care team.

Treatment Option

Fitness

Fitness plays a vital role in helping older adults maintain mobility, strength, and energy. Regular physical activity improves mood, supports heart health, and preserves independence — helping seniors stay active and engaged in life.

8 studies

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Treatment Option

Collagen Peptides

Collagen peptides are easily absorbed protein fragments derived from collagen, the most abundant protein in the body. They provide amino acids that support skin elasticity, joint comfort, and connective tissue health.

5 studies

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Treatment Option

Glycine

Glycine is a conditionally essential amino acid that serves as a building block for proteins and plays crucial roles in nervous system function, collagen synthesis, and sleep quality support.

3 studies

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Treatment Option

Calcium citrate

Calcium citrate is a bioavailable form of calcium that supports bone density, muscle function, and cardiovascular health. It’s especially useful for older adults with lower stomach acid or those taking acid-reducing medications.

1 study

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Treatment Option

Collagen Type II

Type II collagen is the primary collagen found in cartilage, providing the structural framework that gives joints their shock-absorbing properties. Supplementation supports joint comfort and cartilage maintenance.

1 study

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Treatment Option

Vitamin D3

Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is the most bioactive form of vitamin D, essential for calcium absorption, immune function, and mood regulation. It's produced naturally through sun exposure but many people require supplementation.

1 study

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Treatment Option

Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone-7)

Vitamin K2 (MK-7) is a fat-soluble vitamin that directs calcium to bones and teeth while keeping it out of arteries and soft tissues. It works synergistically with vitamin D3 for optimal bone and cardiovascular health.

1 study

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Treatment Option

Vitamin K2 + D3 Complex

This combination pairs vitamin D3 with vitamin K2 to optimize calcium metabolism. D3 enhances calcium absorption while K2 directs that calcium to bones and teeth, preventing unwanted deposition in soft tissues.

1 study

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